{"id":1112,"date":"2020-11-19T10:02:55","date_gmt":"2020-11-19T09:02:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/labfirm.it\/?p=1112"},"modified":"2020-11-19T10:02:56","modified_gmt":"2020-11-19T09:02:56","slug":"bancarotta-piccoli-madoff-crescono","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/labfirm.it\/ro\/bancarotta-piccoli-madoff-crescono\/","title":{"rendered":"FALC\u0102: CRESC MIC \u201eMADOFF\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Cine nu cunoa\u0219te istoria <strong><u>Bernie Madoff<\/u><\/strong>, finan\u021batorul <em>newyorkez<\/em> c\u0103, prin modernizarea \u201eschemei Ponzi\u201d, a \u00een\u0219elat mii de oameni \u0219i a prins, cu actuala legisla\u021bie american\u0103, pedeapsa maxim\u0103 egal\u0103 cu <strong><u>150 de ani de \u00eenchisoare<\/u><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Madoff a fost g\u0103sit vinovat pentru unsprezece acuza\u021bii (<em>acuza\u021bii de infrac\u021biuni<\/em>), inclusiv fraud\u0103 de valori mobiliare, fraud\u0103 de c\u0103tre consilieri financiari, fraud\u0103 po\u0219tal\u0103, fraud\u0103 telematic\u0103, trei acuza\u021bii de sp\u0103lare de bani, denaturare, m\u0103rturie mincinoas\u0103, depuneri false la &quot;<em>Securities and Exchange Commission<\/em>\u201e\u0218i frauda securit\u0103\u021bii sociale a angaja\u021bilor<a href=\"https:\/\/www.justice.gov\/usao-sdny\/programs\/victim-witness-services\/united-states-v-bernard-l-madoff-and-related-cases\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.justice.gov\/usao-sdny\/programs\/victim-witness-services\/united-states-v-bernard-l-madoff-and-related-cases<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lo <strong><u>Schema Ponzi<\/u><\/strong> care a inspirat \u00een\u0219el\u0103ciunea gigantic\u0103 a fost inventat de un imigrant italian \u00een SUA, Charles Ponzi, \u0219i le permite celor care \u00eencep lan\u021bul \u0219i primii investitori s\u0103 ob\u021bin\u0103 randamente economice foarte mari pe termen scurt, pl\u0103tite cu sumele pl\u0103tite de noii investitori neb\u0103nu\u0219i ademeni\u021bi de venituri mari.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00centr-un caz similar cu care s-a confruntat Curtea Suprem\u0103, sa constatat c\u0103 activele financiare ale clien\u021bilor au f\u0103cut obiectul unei invers\u0103ri a dreptului de proprietate \u00eentre dou\u0103 companii de investi\u021bii legate \u00eentre ele, Alfa \u0219i Beta, <strong><u>cu resursele economice ale clien\u021bilor companiei Alfa folosite pentru opera\u021biunile de \u201erambursare\u201d ale clien\u021bilor companiei Beta<\/u><\/strong> \u0219i acest lucru a fost f\u0103cut \u00een absen\u021ba oric\u0103ror dovezi c\u0103 clien\u021bilor li s-au furnizat informa\u021bii despre destina\u021bia tranzac\u021biilor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Arta. 21 alin.1 lit. b) TUF stabile\u0219te c\u0103 \u00een tranzac\u021biile de investi\u021bii, p\u0103r\u021bile calificate trebuie s\u0103 \u201einformeze \u00een mod clar clien\u021bii, \u00eenainte de a ac\u021biona \u00een numele lor, despre natura general\u0103 \u0219i \/ sau sursele conflictelor de interese\u201d \u0219i, prin urmare, despre existen\u021ba dedus\u0103 a consim\u021b\u0103m\u00e2ntului clien\u021bilor cu privire la utilizarea instrumentele financiare \u0219i activele lichide, nu excludeau, potrivit Cur\u021bii Supreme, atribuirea activelor subiectului \u00een lichidarea administrativ\u0103 obligatorie a activelor administrate de ace\u0219tia, \u00een orice mod \u00een care acestea au fost ob\u021binute, mai ales din cauza utiliz\u0103rii nejustificate a investitorilor \u201evalorile mobiliare sau banii au condus la confuzia lor asupra activelor intermediarului \u0219i la capacitatea de distragere a aten\u021biei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trebuie amintit c\u0103 responsabilitatea pentru infrac\u021biunea de <strong><u>faliment pentru distragere<\/u><\/strong> necesit\u0103 verificarea disponibilit\u0103\u021bii, de c\u0103tre acuzat, a activelor care nu se reg\u0103sesc \u00een cadrul companiei \u0219i, prin urmare, sc\u0103derea garan\u021biei de la creditorii de active reale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen cazul tratat, av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere c\u0103 valorile mobiliare ale clien\u021bilor companiei Beta erau obliga\u021biuni practic nelichide cu o valoare nominal\u0103 de 200 de milioane de euro, Curtea Suprem\u0103 a constatat c\u0103 pl\u0103\u021bile efectuate de clien\u021bi au fost efectuate numai \u00een favoarea Alfa Prin urmare, din suma total\u0103 de aproximativ 225 de milioane de euro disputat\u0103 \u00een ansamblu prin faliment fraudulos pentru distragere a aten\u021biei, a trebuit dedus capitalul \u201eprotejat\u201d al clien\u021bilor Beta, egal cu aproximativ 200 de milioane de euro. .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prin urmare, majoritatea \u201epretinselor valori mobiliare\u201d administrate de compania Beta, fiind doar o crea\u021bie artificial\u0103 a acuzatului, trebuiau luate \u00een considerare <strong><u>inexistent din punct de vedere al valorii economice efective<\/u><\/strong>, prin urmare, neput\u00e2nd fi un obiect de distragere a aten\u021biei \u0219i elimin\u00e2nd astfel elementul obiectiv al infrac\u021biunii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>De fapt, Curtea a anulat sentin\u021ba cu privire la acest punct prin sesizarea unei noi hot\u0103r\u00e2ri.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chi non conosce la storia di Bernie Madoff, il finanziere newyorkese che, modernizzando lo \u201cSchema Ponzi\u201d, ha truffato migliaia di persone e si \u00e8 beccato, con la vigente normativa statunitense, il massimo della pena pari a 150 anni di carcere. Madoff \u00e8 stato giudicato colpevole di undici capi di accusa (felony charges), tra cui frode [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":1113,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_mbp_gutenberg_autopost":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/labfirm.it\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1112"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/labfirm.it\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/labfirm.it\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/labfirm.it\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/labfirm.it\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1112"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/labfirm.it\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1112\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/labfirm.it\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1113"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/labfirm.it\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1112"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/labfirm.it\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1112"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/labfirm.it\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1112"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}